Allah’s Messenger (SAW) said, The key to Paradise is prayer
and the key to prayer is cleanliness (Ablution).
Tirmidhi, Transmitted Ahmad, Narrated Jabir ibn Abdullah
A desert Arab came to Allah’s Apostle (SAW) and asked him about ablution. He demonstrated (washing each part of his body) thrice, and then said: That is (the method) of the ablution. And he who does more than this has done wrong, transgressed the limit and has oppressed (himself).
[Tirmidhi #417, Transmitted by Nasa’i, Ibn Majah, and AbuDawud transmitted something to the same effect.]
Hadith – Bukhari 1:161, Narrated Humran
(The slave of ‘Uthman) I saw ‘Uthman bin ‘Affan asking for a tumbler of water (and when it was brought) he poured water over his hands and washed them thrice and then put his right hand in the water container and rinsed his mouth, washed his nose by putting water in it and then blowing it out. Then he washed his face and forearms up to the elbows thrice, passed his wet hands over his head and washed his feet up to the ankles thrice. Then he said, “Allah’s Apostle (SAW) said ‘If anyone Performs ablution like that of mine and offers a two-rak’at prayer during which he does not think of anything else (not related to the present prayer) then his past sins will be forgiven.’
” After performing the ablution ‘Uthman said, “I am going to tell you a Hadith which I would not have told you, had I not been compelled by a certain Holy Verse (the sub narrator ‘Urwa said: This verse is: ‘Verily, those who conceal the clear signs and the guidance which we have sent down…)’ (2:159). I heard the Prophet (SAW) saying, ‘If a man performs ablution perfectly and then offers the compulsory congregational prayer, Allah will forgive his sins committed between that (prayer) and the (next) prayer till he offers it.’ “
Wudu (Ablution): How to Perform
Say “Bismillah” (in the Name of Allah)
Wash hands 3 times
Use left hand to wash right hand, up to and including the wrist, 3 times.
Then, use right hand to wash left hand, up to and including the wrist, 3 times.
Rinse water in mouth 3 times
Cup right hand with water and put in mouth, then spit it out, 3 times.
Snuff water in nose 3 times
Wash face 3 times
Wash forearms 3 times
Wipe right forearm with left hand, all the way up to and including the elbow, 3 times.
Wipe left forearm with right hand, all the way up to and including the elbow, 3 times.
Wipe water over head/hair 1 times
It has been recorded that the Prophet used to wipe his head three different ways:
Wiping all of his head. ‘Abdullah ibn Zaid reported that the Prophet (SAW) wiped his entire head with his hands. He started with the front of his head, then moved to the back, and then returned his hands to the front.
Wiping over the turban only.
Said ‘Amru ibn Umayyah, “I saw the Messenger of Allah (SAW) wipe over his turban and shoes.” (Related by Ahmad, al-Bukhari and Ibn Majah).
Bilal reported that the Prophet (SAW) said, “Wipe over your shoes and head covering.“(Related by Ahmad.)
‘Umar once said, “May Allah not purify the one who does not consider wiping over the turban to be purifying.” Many hadith have been related on this topic by al-Bukhari, Muslim and others. Most of the scholars agree with them.
Wiping over the front portion of the scalp and the turban. Al-Mughirah ibn Shu’bah said that the Messenger of Allah, upon whom be peace, made ablution and wiped over the front portion of his scalp, his turban and his socks. (Related by Muslim.) There is, however, no strong hadith that he wiped over part of his head, even though al-Ma’idah: apparently implies it. It is also not sufficient just to wipe over locks of hair that proceed from the head or along the sides of the head.
If you are a female and a non-mahram male (or non-Muslim who you believe may describe you to others) may see you (such as in a public bathroom, etc.), do not remove your hijab or niqab… keep it on and wipe over it.
Wipe the inside and back of ears 1 time
Wash both ears at the same time
Wash feet
Wash right foot, including the ankle, with left hand, 3 times.
Wipe between each toe on right foot, with left hand pinky, 1 time.
Wash left foot, including the ankle, with right hand, 3 times.
Wipe between each toe on left foot, with right hand pinky, 1 time.
Once the Prophet SAW remained behind us in a journey. He joined us while we were performing ablution for the prayer which was over-due. We were just passing wet hands over our feet (and not washing them properly) so the Prophet addressed us in a loud voice and said twice or thrice: “Save your heels from the fire.” [Bukhari 1:164, Narrated ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr]
“…and then he washed his feet up to the ankles.” [Bukhari 1.186, narrated Amr]
Wudu: What Invalidates It
If any of the following happen, you must perform wudu again before doing salah. It is recommended (but not mandatory) to always be in a state of wudu, so it is not necessary to wait until hearing the adhan (call to Salah) before performing wudu.
Relieving oneself from the call of nature
O you who believe! When you intend to offer As-Salât (the prayer), wash your faces and your hands (forearms) up to the elbows, rub (by passing wet hands over) your heads, and (wash) your feet up to ankles. If you are in a state of Janâba (i.e. had a sexual discharge), purify yourself (bathe your whole body). But if you are ill or on a journey or any of you comes from answering the call of nature, or you have been in contact with women (i.e. sexual intercourse) and you find no water, then perform Tayammum with clean earth and rub therewith your faces and hands. Allâh does not want to place you in difficulty, but He wants to purify you, and to complete His Favour on you that you may be thankful. [The Noble Qur’an 5:6]
Passing gas, i.e. breaking wind
Abu Hurairah (RA)reported that the Messenger of Allah (SAW) said, “Allah does not accept the prayer of a person who has released gas until he makes a new ablution.” A person from Hadhramaut asked Abu Hurairah, “What does releasing gas mean?” He answered, “Wind with or without sound.” [Related by al-Bukhari and Muslim.]
Abu Hurairah RA also narrated that the Prophet SAW said, “If one of you finds a disturbance in his abdomen and is not certain if he has released any gas or not, he should not leave the mosque unless he hears its sound or smells its scent.” [Related by Muslim.]
‘Abbad ibn Tameem RA related that his uncle queried the Prophet about a person who feels something in his abdomen while praying. Said the Prophet , “He should not leave (the prayer) until he hears it or smells it.” [Related by Muslim, Abu Dawud and at-Tirmidhi.]
Sexual Relations
One must perform ghusl after sexual relations, i.e. when the male private part enters the female private part.
Touching one’s private parts with no barrier (i.e. cloth) between the hand and organ
Busrah bint Safwan narrated that the Prophet said, “Whoever touches his sexual organ cannot pray until he performs ablution.” [This hadith is related by “the five.” At-Tirmidhi classified it as sahih and al-Bukhari called it the most authentic report on that topic. Malik, ash-Shaifi, Ahmad and others also narrated it.]
In the event that you forget whether you have done wudu or not, err on the side of not re-performing wudu…. i.e. do not perform wudu again unless you are sure that you broke/invalidated it.
Wudu: What Doesn’t Invalidate It
Drinking or Eating
The Messenger of Allah (SAW) drank some milk and he did not rinse his mouth nor did he perform ablution, and he offered the prayer. [Dawud, Narrated Anas ibn Malik]
Kissing a mahram woman (such as your wife)
‘Aishah RA related that the Messenger of Allah SAW kissed her while he was fasting and said, “Kissing does not nullify the ablution, nor does it break the fast.” [Related by Ishaq ibn Rahawaih and al-Bazzar with a good chain. Evaluating its authenticity, ‘Abdul-Haqq says, “I do not know of any defect in the hadith that could cause its rejection.”]
Laughing
Laughing does not invalidate wudu. Laughing loudly during salah, however, does invalidate the salah.
Vomiting
Changing a baby’s diaper
Just wash your hands after changing the diaper.
People with unusual circumstances (i.e. women with “prolonged flows of blood”), people who cannot control their urine, people with flatulence, and so on, should perform one ablution for each prayer whether their problem exists all or part of the time. Their prayers will be acceptable even while their problems are occuring.
Talking During Wudu
Ghusl
(Complete body washing, i.e. bath)
Hadith – Muwatta 2.74
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu’n Nadr, the mawla of Umar ibn Abdullah that Abu Salamaibn Abdar-Rahman ibn Awf related that he had asked A’isha, the wife of the Prophet (SAW) what made ghusl obligatory. She said, “Do you know what you are like, Abu Salama? You are like a chick when it hears the cocks crowing and so crows with them. When the circumcised part passes the circumcised part, ghusl is obligatory.”
Hadith – Bukhari 1:228, Narrated ‘Aisha RA
Fatima bint Abi Hubaish RA came to the Prophet and said, “O Allah’s Apostle I get persistent bleeding from the uterus and do not become clean. Shall I give up my prayers?” Allah’s Apostle SAW replied, “No, because it is from a blood vessel and not the menses. So when your real menses begins give up your prayers and when it has finished wash off the blood (take a bath) and offer your prayers.” Hisham (the sub narrator) narrated that his father had also said, (the Prophet told her): “Perform ablution for every prayer till the time of the next period comes.”
Hadith – Bukhari 1:327, Narrated ‘Aisha RA
The Prophet SAW said to me, “Give up the prayer when your menses begin and when it has finished, wash the blood off your body (take a bath) and start praying.”
Tayammum
(Dry Wudu)
When absolutetly no water is available, you should perform Tayammum (dry wudu)…
Hadith – Bukhari 1:331, Narrated Jabir bin ‘Abdullah … The earth has been made for me (and for my followers) a place for praying and a thing to perform Tayammum, therefore anyone of my followers can pray wherever the time of a prayer is due.
The Noble Qur’an 5:6
O you who believe! When you intend to offer As-Salât (the prayer), wash your faces and your hands (forearms) up to the elbows, rub (by passing wet hands over) your heads, and (wash) your feet up to ankles. If you are in a state of Janâba (i.e. had a sexual discharge), purify yourself (bathe your whole body). But if you are ill or on a journey or any of you comes from answering the call of nature, or you have been in contact with women (i.e. sexual intercourse) and you find no water, then perform Tayammum with clean earth and rub therewith your faces and hands. Allâh does not want to place you in difficulty, but He wants to purify you, and to complete His Favour on you that you may be thankful.
Perform ghusl after sexual intercourse and after completing a menstrual cycle before commencing salah
Do not even think about performing dry wudu if there is water available
Do not skip over any of the steps of wudu
Make effort to remain in a state of wudu at all times, combined with thoughts on dhikr (the remembrance of Allah, swt). For instance, do wudu each time after relieving oneself. Recognize the importance of being in a state of wudu before going to sleep.
Remember… Allah, subhana watala, sees everything we do!
Here I would like to give some tips and easy guide to reverts to learn how to pray.This method has been tested out on some reverts and it works perfectly Alhamdulilah.Many might do not know where to start and what to learn first as there are a lot to learn.Many also have wrong conception about learning Arabic before learning how to pray.Trust me,you do not need to know Arabicin order to learn how to pray.
All you need to do is learn how to pronounce them correctly and understand their meanings.Here I will list out what you need to know and need to do in order to make the prayer valid in sha Allah.This is the most basic prayer and in sha Allah once you have mastered this,you can learn some other sunnah steps in the prayer in sha Allah.
There will be five lessons and one test in sha Allah.The duration of mastering the prayer varies from one individual to the other and it depends on the person’s memorisation capability.
Lesson 1
Introduction to Salah (Ablution,Rulings of prayer,Number of ra’kaahs,names of positions, 7common mistakes in salah etc.)
Lesson 2
Learn to recite Al-Fatihah (7 verses and explanation of those meanings)
Lesson 3
Other sayings in the Salah (6 of them)
Lesson 4
Tashahud part 1 (first 4 which is till the shahadah)
Lesson 5
Tashahud part 2 (final 4)
Test
Test the knowledge of Salah with 24 Questions which can be used as you reference in the future.
1. Ablution/wudu steps
Step 1
Declare the intention that the act is for the purpose of worship & purity. Start by saying: Bismillah (“In the Name of Allah”).
Step 2
Wash the hands up to the wrists, three times.
Step 3
Rinse out the mouth with water, three times.
Step 4
Cleanse the nostrils by sniffing water into them with the right hands & then remove the water with left hand, three times.
Step 5
Wash the whole face three times with both hands,from the top of the forehead to the bottom of the chin and from ear to ear.
Step 6
Wash the right arm three times up to the elbow,and then do the same with the left arm.
Step 7
Wipe the whole head with a wet hand, once.
Step 8
Wipe the inner sides of the ears with the forefingers and their outer sides with the thumb. This should be done with wet fingers.
Step 9
Wash the two feet up to the ankles, three times,beginning with the right foot and then the left foot.
Chapter Al-Ma’ida
005.006O ye who believe! When ye prepare for prayer, wash your faces, and your hands (and arms) to the elbows; Rub your heads (with water); and (wash) your feet to the ankles. If ye are in a state of ceremonial impurity, bathe your whole body. But if ye are ill, or on a journey, or one of you cometh from offices of nature, or ye have been in contact with women, and ye find no water, then take for yourselves clean sand or earth, and rub
therewith your faces and hands, God doth not wish to place you in a difficulty, but to make you clean, and to complete his favor to you, that ye may be grateful.
2. Rulings of Prayer
Both men and women are not allowed to pray while on major impurity (after intercourse or after ejaculation for men via wet dream or via other means, when both private parts touch each other even if there is no intercourse or no ejaculation)
While on major impurity one should perform shower or Ghusl.
Women are not allowed to pray on menses and a maximum of 40 days after giving birth (according to the flow of the blood).Once the menses is over (visible white discharge) or a 40 days after giving birth, one should perform shower/Ghusl.
Further rulings related to women, please visit this site.
Steps for Ghusl
“The proper method of ghusl (ritual bath) involves the following steps:
1. Make the niyyah (intention) to perform ghusl for purification.
2. Wash your private parts thoroughly with water.
3. Perform wudu’ (ablution) except for washing of your feet, which you can do later while bathing the body.
4. Wash the entire body, starting with your head and the right side, followed by the left.
5. It is preferred that the whole body be washed three times. The minimum is once.
Having completed the above, you are considered eligible to perform the salah (prayer).”
3. Number of ra’kaahs
Each Salah consists of at least two Rak’as or more. Rak’a means unit; therefore each Salah consists of at least two units or more.
4.Names of Positions
Each Rak’a consists of the following steps:
1. Wuqoof whereby you stand saying Surah Fatiha followed by a short Surah or any passage of the Quran
2. Rukoo’ whereby you bend from the waist and place your hands on your
knees.
3. I’tidaal meaning standing upright for a moment.
4. Sujood whereby you are on your knees and bowing and with your forehead
on the ground.
5. Juloos meaning sitting up for a moment placing your hands on your thighs.
6. Sujood for the second time whereby you are on your knees and bowing
and with your forehead on the ground.
A This indicates that the letter A is not pronounced and it is ignored.
Example: Bismi Allāhi Ar-Raĥmāni Ar-Raĥīm should be read as Bismillāhir-Raĥmānir-Raĥīm
2.ll This indicates that the letter ll (ل ) in the word Allah is to bedoubled in pronunciation
When to pronounce the letter “l” heavily in word Allah?
– When there are vowels “a” /fathaor “u” / dammah before the letter “l” then the word Allah is to be pronounced
heavily
When to pronounce the letter “l” lightly in word Allah?
– When there is vowel “i”/kasrah before the letter “l” then the word Allah is to be pronounced lightly.
Example: Allahu akhbar (heavy because A before l)
:Naarullaahil-muuqadah (heavy because U before l )
: Bismillāhi (light because of “i” before “l”
3.Letters with a line on top or a line at the bottom indicates that the pronunciation takes 2 seconds.
Example :Bismi Allāhi =Bismi Allaahi
ā = aa
4. ĥ (ح) indicates that the letter needs to be pronounced from the upper throat and produces some air when it is silent, i.e. has no kasrah ( “i”), fathah ( “a”) or dhammah (“u’) sounds. Moreover, it is not heavily pronounced. Listen .
5. h ( ه) indicates that the letter needs to be pronounced from the deep throat and it is heavier than ĥ (ح). Listen
6. Letter in gray colour such as a,i,uindicates that it is silent and not to be pronounced if it comes at the end of the verse and if it is not joined with the following verse.
– If you stop at Raĥiimi then do not pronounce the “i”/kasrah and the final letter should be “m”.If any final letter has double vowel letter then it should be prolonged 2, 4 or 6 seconds.4 seconds are recommended.
7. ‘ is equivalent to the Arabic letter ع and it is pronounced as if you are closing the middle throat and forcing to pronounce
“a”.If it is difficult,try pressing your middle throat with your index finger and say “a”. Listen
8. Ahdinā =Ihdinā
9. Şirāţa indicates that both the letter Ş and ţ are heavy letters and to be pronounced heavily
“Tashahud” is divided into 2 parts. First part (number 1- 4) is sunnah. In other words, if one forgets to say this 1st part in the second ra’kaah, the prayer is still valid. Second part ( 1-8 ) is obligatory, so if one forgets to say it, the prayer becomes invalid. Tashahud is to be done during juloos position (sitting position).
First part of tashahud
1. At-Taĥīyātu Lillāhi Wa Aş-Şalawātu Wa Aţ-Ţayyibātu
Meaning:Greetings, prayers and the good things of life belong to Allah.
How to pronounce:At-Taĥiiyaatu Lillaahi Waş-Şalawaatu Waţ-Ţayyibaat
Below is the test once you have completed these lessons.You may download it from the link below. Links for the answer search will be provided as well in sha Allah. .There are 28 questions.
(This is the pdf version. Download Adobe ReaderClick the speaker till a rectangular shape appear, and right click it and click Full Media to view the full screen)
about a person who feels something in his abdomen while praying. Said the Prophet 
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